The Impact of Prejudice and Discrimination Research Paper

The Impact of Prejudice and Discrimination - Research Paper Example prejudgment or wrong observations and a propensity to sum up everybody having a place with that specific gathering as having an individual quality, trademark, conduct, or highlight that is demonstrative of the minority gathering. Individuals can now and again be oblivious in regards to reality regardless of whether genuine perception gives a false representation of their mis-discernments because of a steady refusal to see that a few people can be altogether different from what they portray them as, all things considered. Servitude in America during its initial years is a genuine case of how partiality or segregation can have durable results whenever executed by a bigger gathering. Bigotry emerging from numbness, predisposition, partiality, and segregation brings about rejection of a minority bunch from the political, monetary, and social circles of society. Its belongings for the most part are negative particularly if bigotry is submitted efficiently and installed in the mind of everyone which thusly assists with propagating an inappropriate thoughts and wrong impression of a minority gathering to such an extent that it turns out to be right around a perpetual element of a general public, conveyed starting with one age then onto the next age. Its evil impacts can be felt or found in lower wages for the gathering and prohibition from circumstances normally concurred to individuals from everybody. One-sided treatment of minority bunches likewise think about seriously the entire society since it is demonstrative of its own bigotry and resoluteness towards others who numerous not share similar convictions. There were cases in the past in which segregation was all around recorded in light of the fact that it was made authority arrangement and there are additionally late cases in which separation isn't so barefaced or unmistakable yet at the same time brings about the methodical avoidance of a minority gathering. All cases impactsly affect the minority individuals victimized. It is the point of this concise paper to talk about one occasion of separation and partiality previously and afterward examine a later comparative occasion in contemporary occasions. The two occasions (past and

Notions of gender have significantly informed the development of Essay

Thoughts of sexual orientation have altogether educated the advancement regarding wellbeing strategy and of social insurance practice. fundamentally talk about - Essay Example This paper represents how thoughts of sexual orientation have essentially added to the advancement of wellbeing arrangement and the improvement of human services. Wellbeing strategy is planned for being a vessel for conversation and investigation of issues in the wellbeing framework. Specifically, it is planned to advancing correspondence between the wellbeing approach and lawmakers, framework analysts, experts and leaders who are worried about turn of events and usage of wellbeing frameworks and changes in human services. These approaches and changes are being made in a consistently expanding pace and arrangement creators are compelled to glance over to different nations to discover answers for their own issues. The responsibility of wellbeing approach is to guarantee that there is universal exchange that ensures that strategies are incorporated dependent on explicit issues and objectives just as in the specific circumstances (Walsh, 2004:146). Glancing back at history, there was a becoming stronger of women’s development in the late 1960s and 1970s. This development tested the ‘medicalisation’ of assortments of ladies and the structure of women’s clinical wellbeing needs as divergent from their own needs and encounters. The women’s development felt free to scrutinize the fantasy that male accomplices or specialists would be advised to information about their bodies than the ladies themselves knew (David 2008). This spoke to the ladies encounters in sexual, physical, mental and conceptive wellbeing needs. In view of the social, financial and political powers that impacted heath, they investigated their encounters and scanned for the associations between class, race and sexual orientation based intimidation and the manner in which they influenced the ladies (Graham, 2009:146). As indicated by David (2008), there was advancement of the ideas of sex and sex examination from women's activist perspective that stressed the social and social nature of the greater part of the contrasts among ladies and men. This is

Marriage and Borderline Personality Disorder

Marriage and Borderline Personality Disorder BPD Living With BPD Print Marriage and Borderline Personality Disorder By Kristalyn Salters-Pedneault, PhD Kristalyn Salters-Pedneault, PhD, is a clinical psychologist and associate professor of psychology at Eastern Connecticut State University. Learn about our editorial policy Kristalyn Salters-Pedneault, PhD Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on November 07, 2017 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on January 16, 2020 Jamie Grill/Creative RF/Getty Images More in BPD Living With BPD Diagnosis Treatment Related Conditions Many different kinds of close relationships are affected by borderline personality disorder (BPD), but perhaps none more than being married to a person with BPD. More specifically, marriages in which either one or both partners have BPD can be very tumultuous, conflict-laden, and dysfunctional. Learn more about how your marriage may be affected by BPD, and how you and your partner (surprisingly) may not be destined for divorce as you likely might have thought. Borderline Personality Marriage Statistics Studies  of marital status in people with BPD have found that about 60 percent are married (these studies were done in people with average ages around 40 years old).?? This suggests that people with BPD are less likely to be married than those in the general populationâ€"in the United States, about 85 percent of people are married by age 40.?? Unexpectedly, people with BPD do not have higher divorce rates than the general population. By an average age of about 40, the divorce rate for people with BPD is around 35 percent, and this is comparable to the divorce rate for the average U.S. citizen. However, people with BPD are far less likely to remarry after a divorce. In fact, only about 10 percent of people with BPD get remarried by around age 40 which is nearly half the national rate of remarriage. On an interesting note, research suggests that people with borderline personality disorder who develop a substantial reduction in their symptoms (defined as recovering from BPD) are more likely than  non-recovered  people with BPD to marry and become a parent and less likely to divorce or lose custody of a child.?? Quality Matters One way to judge whether being married to a person with BPD can be successful is by the divorce rate. Using this as a measure of “success,” it appears that marriages that consist of a partner with BPD are no more or less successful than the average marriage. However, this does not take into account the quality of the marriage or the satisfaction of the partners. Unfortunately, there is limited hard research data on the quality of marriages in which one person has BPD. Of the research done, one  study  found a positive link between the severity of BPD symptoms and marital distress, perpetration of marital violence, and marital disruption. This means that the more severe a persons BPD symptoms are (for example, fear of abandonment or intense and frequent mood changes) the more likely their marriage will be chaotic and unstable.?? Another study found that BPD symptoms were linked to poor problem-solving and communication skills in a marriage.??   There is more scientific data on romantic relationships and BPD which  offers some potential insight. Research has shown that BPD symptoms are associated with greater chronic stress, more frequent conflicts, and less partner satisfaction in romantic relationships. Furthermore, some experts believe the quality  depends a great deal on the personality of the non-BPD partner. Interestingly, there is research suggesting that people with BPD symptoms tend to marry partners who also report BPD symptomsâ€"a phenomenon called assortative mating.?? This phenomenon brings about concern. It seems like it would be even more difficult to manage a relationship effectively and happily when not one, but both partners, have intense mood shifts, engage in impulsive behaviors, and possess an unhealthy  sense of selfâ€"all symptoms of having BPD. A Word From Verywell The take-home message here is that even though divorce rates are not as high as one might expect in marriages where one person has BPD, being in a relationship with someone with BPD can still be particularly stressful and challenging. This is why in addition to the BPD partner getting treatment, its a good idea to seek out  marital  or  family therapy  to keep the marriage, relationship and family functioning intact. The Best Online Therapy Programs

Change Management of Nike Company - 2822 Words

I. INTRODUCTION Change management cannot be separated from the organization. It is because change is inevitable. But some people do not like the change itself. They tend to think about the bad effect of the change in the organization, such as layoff, downsizing, pay cuts, or relocation. In fact, the change can be the good improvement, such as the improvement of the technology, building new products, and increase the market. The management has to be prepared of the change management in order to make the effective change management. The change is needed to improve the performance of the organization. The change is used to make the good development of the organization, such as emerging in the bigger market place, getting the bigger revenue,†¦show more content†¦2. Implementation Stage In this stage, the process change is implemented. It is necessary for management to set up a standing committee to be proactive in identifying problems and resistance during the implementation and finding solution. When it cannot prevent problems and resistance, it should at least find effective solutions. All of the stakeholders need to be carried along as the implementation progresses for better understanding and cooperation. 3. Post implementation Stage This stage is ensuring that the process change achieves the predetermined objectives and that post implementation stage problems are identified and sorted out quickly. Management should ensure that all staff members affected by the change. All members should be given the feeling of importance in the successful of implementation of the process change. Change in any organization in one of stressful condition that company will have to deal with. How a company deals with change can, decides whether the company will continue to be profitable and forge ahead with new ideas and products and renew the organizational life cycle. Most companies that have continued to stay in business and stay profitable have continually added, renewed, and change the product line, the customer base and the general way to do the business. Based on John P. Kotter theory, there are eight steps that will enhance the change in the organization and help lowering the amount of stress. They are as follows: 1. IncreaseShow MoreRelatedInternal and External Factors1553 Words   |  7 PagesAffecting the Functions of Management Both internal and external factors can affect the four functions of management differently. Some of the obvious internal factors would be such things as the company’s own strengths and weaknesses, which could include values, goals, skills, and even the attitudes of manager and the workers in the organization. Other factors can include the different tasks that the organization chooses as well as their resources and even the technology can be an internalRead MoreThe Contemporary Challenges Of Outsourcing1244 Words   |  5 PagesMatthew Butler December 2nd 2014 Contemporary management Professor Beehner M.P.A Contemporary Challenge Essay Outsourcing â€Å"Outsourcing is the transfer of control of a process or product to an outside supplier†(Hasan). For this assignment, please identify a contemporary management challenge (e.g. diversity, globalism, ethics social responsibility, etc.). Then, identify a company or organization that you believe has been impacted by this contemporary challenge. Write a minimum four-page paperRead MoreSupply Chain Management - Woolworths and Nike1585 Words   |  7 PagesSupply Chain Management Supply Chain Management (SCM) is a systematic integration of suppliers, Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM), distributors and customers in order to produce and distribute the right quantities, to the right time, and at the cheaper cost, while satisfying the entire supply chain partners (Balsubramanium Roosebelt). In simple words, it is a process of moving goods from manufacturers to a consumer. Today successful companies, uses softwares or web based application serviceRead MoreNike1270 Words   |  6 PagesNike is a successful company that has been in business since 1972. Throughout the decades, Nike has built up its brand to one that is respected and sought after. Nike has grown its brand name through the acquisitions and partnerships of many other brands (Hurley, Umbro, Cole Haan, and Converse) to provide to its customer different products that suit every athletic need. In order for Nike to gain success in its growth, the company follows the four functions of management: planni ng, organizing, leadingRead MoreThe Ethics And Code Of Workplace Practices1683 Words   |  7 Pagesorganization priorities by keeping the cost of the company intact and giving company the room for growth and increase productivity ( Attaran,attaran,2007) Sustainable development is a vehicle to permute many and varied corporate and institutional interest whilst giving impression of adherence to and observation of environmentally sound principles (David and Santillo 2007) BACKGROUND Nikes company issues was transparent ,perceive and concise ,Nike came under severe criticism from media over the ethicsRead MoreNike: the Sweatshop Debate Essay1494 Words   |  6 PagesNike: The Sweatshop Debate MGT/448 May 31, 2010 Instructor: Adrianne Ford Nike: The Sweatshop Debate The purpose and intent of this paper is to describe the legal, cultural, and ethical challenges that face the Nike Corporation in their global business ventures. This paper will also touch on the roles of the host government and countries where Nike manufactures their products and the author will summarize the strategic and operational challenges that Nike managers face in globalization ofRead MorePromotion Strategy: Nike Athletic Shoes1088 Words   |  4 PagesPromotion Strategy: Nike Athletic Shoes Currently, Nike has a strong promotional strategy for its shoes. The just do it slogan has been around for years, and most people can clearly identify that slogan as belonging to the Nike brand (Nike, 2012). Nike also uses many different celebrities and famous people to market their products. When athletes that everyone recognizes wear Nike shoes, it only makes sense that others who admire those athletes would also want to wear those shoes. The more athletesRead MoreControl and Mechanisms1449 Words   |  6 Pagesand Nike In the past few years, management, leadership, and control strategies in business organizations has emerged as key factors in determining the long-term success or ultimate failure of such organizations. One large well-known successful global company is Nike, who has demonstrated extreme success that can be directly attributed to management, leadership, and control strategies (Krentzman, 1997). Control mechanisms such as bureaucratic control, market control, clan control and management auditsRead MoreNike Erp Supply Demand Study1217 Words   |  5 PagesUdo R. Mohr C.A.P. Smith CIS601 Fall 2014 14 September 2014 Implementation Paper - Nike ERP Supply-Demand Study Summary In 2001 Nike Inc., the world’s top athletic shoemaker, implemented new ERP software intended to assist the company with their new supply chain strategy that was intended to resolve supply-demand issue the company was dealing with. The software selected was produced i2 Technologies, a Texas based major supply-chain software vendor at cost of over US $40 million dollars (400 millionRead MoreCase Study : Managing Ethical Organization1377 Words   |  6 PagesManaging Ethical Missteps—Sweatshops to Leadership in Employment Practices †¢ Why did Nike fail to address corporate social responsibility early on? The Nike brand was created in 1972, and renamed to Nike in 1978, and has since grown to be the largest worldwide seller of athletic goods, with approximately 168 Nike stores in the United States and a presence in about 160 countries. (Ferrell, O.., 2003) During the time Nike brand was created corporate responsibility was not considered a major deal yet and

Assess the Claim That Class Differences in Educational Free Essays

ASSESS THE CLAIM THAT CLASS DIFFERENCES IN EDUCATIONAL ACHIEVEMENT ARE PRIMARILY THE RESULT OF EXTERNAL FACTORS. In this essay external factors will be assessed. On average, children from middle-class families perform better than working class children. We will write a custom essay sample on Assess the Claim That Class Differences in Educational or any similar topic only for you Order Now The gap between the grade percentages grow wider as children get older. It is proven that 77% of children from a higher professional background achieve five or more A*-C at GCSE. Whereas only 35% children from a routine background achieve five or more A*-C grades at GCSE. These statistics show that there is a persistent gap in the achievement levels of working class and middle class pupils. There are two factors related to home background that sociologists argue may lead to differences in a pupils educational achievement. The first is CULTURAL FACTORS. Some sociologists argue that most of us begin to acquire the basic values, attitudes and key skills that are needed for educational success through primary socialisation in the family. However, these sociologists also believe that many working class families fail to socialise their children in the right way. Therefore these children are ‘culturally deprived’. The three main areas of cultural deprivation are intellectual development, language, and attitudes and values. Intellectual development was discovered by a sociologist called Douglas. Douglas conducted a longitudinal study of 5362 children born in 1964. He followed them through primary and secondary school and found that children of the same measured ability at age 7 varied a great deal at age 11 depending on their social class. He basically found that working class did badly and middle class did well. Douglas also found that working class pupils were less likely to continue in further education after the age of 16. Douglas believed that middle class children receive more attention and stimulus from their parents in their early years. Douglas believed that working class parents took their children to parks in the day time, put them in front of the television, and gave them not very educational toys. He also believed that middle class parents gave their children a ‘head start’ by taking them to museums, libraries and bought them educational toys, like jigsaw puzzles and talking toys. Linguistic deprivation is a theory argued by Basil Bernstein. Bernstein believed there are two types of language used. Restricted code: Typically used by working class people, they use limited vocabulary, and use short simple sentences. The speech is predictable and context bound (which means the speaker assumes the listener shares same views/experiences) Elaborated code: Typically used by middle-class people, the speaker has a wider vocabulary and speech is varied. Context free (which means the speaker does not assume the listener shares same views/experiences and uses language to explain meanings) Bernstein believed that the success of a pupil depends heavily on language. The ability to read and understand books, to write clearly and to be able to explain yourself fully in both speech and writing are key language skills required for success in education. If these skills are not developed in the family, then a child will be at a disadvantage in education. Teachers in schools are more likely to use context free elaborated code, as it is more descriptive and explanatory. Also, the elaborated code is the typical way of speaking for the middle class, and not many working class people will become teachers. However, some pupils may not understand the elaborated code and may switch off preventing learning in the classroom. The elaborated code may benefit middle class students after school, for example in college, university and job interviews. Middle class students can express themselves better which then gives a better impression than maybe one of a working class background could not. Attitudes and values is the third area of cultural deprivation. Some sociologists argue that parents’ attitudes and values are a key factor affecting a pupils’ educational achievement. Douglas argued that working class parents’ attitudes prevent children from achieving in education. He believed that middle class parents were more interested in their children’s education. For example, visit the school more frequently, encourage their children to stay on in further education, and help their children with school work. He found that working class parents place less value on education, were less ambitious for their children, gave them less encouragement and took less interest in their education, they visited their schools less often, and were less likely to discuss their children’s progress with teachers. As a result of this, the children had lower levels of motivation. There are many reasons why working class parents may place less value on education, maybe they haven’t experienced the benefits of college and universities so they don’t value further education as much. Working class parents may be less ambitious because they have seen how their peers and family members have ‘turned out’ and think there is no point in focussing on education because none of their peers/family members achieved in education and they’re getting on with their lives. Working class parents may show less interest as they personally don’t enjoy their lives, there is no motivation to even get out of bed in the morning, let alone push for their child to do well in school. Sugarman (1970) believed lack of parental interest in their children’s education reflects the sub-cultural values of the working class. Large sections of the working class have different goals, beliefs, attitudes and values from the rest of society and this is why their children fail at school. Sugarman believes there are four key features: Fatalism- The attitude of ‘what will be will be‘ (working class). The attitude of ‘to change through efforts’ (middle class). Collectivism- Value being part of a group (working class) Immediate gratification Vs Deferred gratification- Want reward as soon as possible ,leave school and go straight into work to make money (working class). Present- time orientation- Seeing the present as more important (working class). Seeing planning for the future, more important (middle class). Cultural deprivation recognises the importance of social (not biological causes of class inequalities in educational attainment. Research has been conducted which supports these theories. However, it blames the individual for their failure, it ignores the influence of school and peer pressure by only focussing on the home. The theory is deterministic- it assumes that all working class will fail. It is very stereotypical and involves a judgement that the culture of one class is better than another. However, the cultural deprivation theory has been influential and did at one time influence the government to improve parenting skills by running a programme in the U. S called OPERATION HEAD START. This organisation helped working class families by health visitors and educational psychologists visiting their homes, and learning programmes for deprived children. In the U. K (2000) SURE START was launched. Sure start is a major element in the British governments policy to tackle poverty and social exclusion. The second factor related to home background is MATERIAL DEPRIVATION. According to the ‘Halifax building society’ (2006). A private education for a child between the ages of three to 18, will cost ? 26,000. This shows that middle-class parents take great care and money into providing a better education for their child. Some sociologists see material deprivation as the main cause of underachievement. This argument states that working class children are disadvantaged because they are more likely to lack material factors that are necessary to create a good educational environment. For example, good housing, clothes, healthy food, space to study, lack of educational books and educational equipment. Facts show that exclusion and truancy are more likely for children from poorer families. Nearly 90% of ‘failing’ schools are located in deprived areas. Jesson Gray’s 1991 Nottinghamshire study revealed that half of the pupils receiving free school meals had low GCSE scores as opposed to one sixth of pupils. This fact proves that material deprivation is a massive reason for pupils under achieving in education. Children that do not have the books and writing equipment are less likely to succeed because they are getting further and further behind. There are many factors that impact on the educational attainment of working class children. Pupils may not have the time to do school work at home, due to maybe a sick parent or a busy household. Working class families are less likely to own their own home, rented accommodation is less stable as they could be asked to leave. This means the child will fall behind, get in trouble with the teachers’ , creating a reputation for themselves. Pupils may not have the space at home to do homework, due to bigger working class families, smaller houses. The parents of working class pupils may not be able to raise money for educational trips, resulting in lack of understanding of a subject, looked lower by peers at school. They may not have access to educational materials like computers and software. There are so many important facts that as a sociologist you have to remember and take into consideration. However, both middle class and working class are affected by economic down turn recently (the recession). Family break- down in both classes can affect the child’s upbringing or emotional well being, regardless of class. To conclude How to cite Assess the Claim That Class Differences in Educational, Essay examples

Assess the Claim That Class Differences in Educational Free Essays

ASSESS THE CLAIM THAT CLASS DIFFERENCES IN EDUCATIONAL ACHIEVEMENT ARE PRIMARILY THE RESULT OF EXTERNAL FACTORS. In this essay external factors will be assessed. On average, children from middle-class families perform better than working class children. We will write a custom essay sample on Assess the Claim That Class Differences in Educational or any similar topic only for you Order Now The gap between the grade percentages grow wider as children get older. It is proven that 77% of children from a higher professional background achieve five or more A*-C at GCSE. Whereas only 35% children from a routine background achieve five or more A*-C grades at GCSE. These statistics show that there is a persistent gap in the achievement levels of working class and middle class pupils. There are two factors related to home background that sociologists argue may lead to differences in a pupils educational achievement. The first is CULTURAL FACTORS. Some sociologists argue that most of us begin to acquire the basic values, attitudes and key skills that are needed for educational success through primary socialisation in the family. However, these sociologists also believe that many working class families fail to socialise their children in the right way. Therefore these children are ‘culturally deprived’. The three main areas of cultural deprivation are intellectual development, language, and attitudes and values. Intellectual development was discovered by a sociologist called Douglas. Douglas conducted a longitudinal study of 5362 children born in 1964. He followed them through primary and secondary school and found that children of the same measured ability at age 7 varied a great deal at age 11 depending on their social class. He basically found that working class did badly and middle class did well. Douglas also found that working class pupils were less likely to continue in further education after the age of 16. Douglas believed that middle class children receive more attention and stimulus from their parents in their early years. Douglas believed that working class parents took their children to parks in the day time, put them in front of the television, and gave them not very educational toys. He also believed that middle class parents gave their children a ‘head start’ by taking them to museums, libraries and bought them educational toys, like jigsaw puzzles and talking toys. Linguistic deprivation is a theory argued by Basil Bernstein. Bernstein believed there are two types of language used. Restricted code: Typically used by working class people, they use limited vocabulary, and use short simple sentences. The speech is predictable and context bound (which means the speaker assumes the listener shares same views/experiences) Elaborated code: Typically used by middle-class people, the speaker has a wider vocabulary and speech is varied. Context free (which means the speaker does not assume the listener shares same views/experiences and uses language to explain meanings) Bernstein believed that the success of a pupil depends heavily on language. The ability to read and understand books, to write clearly and to be able to explain yourself fully in both speech and writing are key language skills required for success in education. If these skills are not developed in the family, then a child will be at a disadvantage in education. Teachers in schools are more likely to use context free elaborated code, as it is more descriptive and explanatory. Also, the elaborated code is the typical way of speaking for the middle class, and not many working class people will become teachers. However, some pupils may not understand the elaborated code and may switch off preventing learning in the classroom. The elaborated code may benefit middle class students after school, for example in college, university and job interviews. Middle class students can express themselves better which then gives a better impression than maybe one of a working class background could not. Attitudes and values is the third area of cultural deprivation. Some sociologists argue that parents’ attitudes and values are a key factor affecting a pupils’ educational achievement. Douglas argued that working class parents’ attitudes prevent children from achieving in education. He believed that middle class parents were more interested in their children’s education. For example, visit the school more frequently, encourage their children to stay on in further education, and help their children with school work. He found that working class parents place less value on education, were less ambitious for their children, gave them less encouragement and took less interest in their education, they visited their schools less often, and were less likely to discuss their children’s progress with teachers. As a result of this, the children had lower levels of motivation. There are many reasons why working class parents may place less value on education, maybe they haven’t experienced the benefits of college and universities so they don’t value further education as much. Working class parents may be less ambitious because they have seen how their peers and family members have ‘turned out’ and think there is no point in focussing on education because none of their peers/family members achieved in education and they’re getting on with their lives. Working class parents may show less interest as they personally don’t enjoy their lives, there is no motivation to even get out of bed in the morning, let alone push for their child to do well in school. Sugarman (1970) believed lack of parental interest in their children’s education reflects the sub-cultural values of the working class. Large sections of the working class have different goals, beliefs, attitudes and values from the rest of society and this is why their children fail at school. Sugarman believes there are four key features: Fatalism- The attitude of ‘what will be will be‘ (working class). The attitude of ‘to change through efforts’ (middle class). Collectivism- Value being part of a group (working class) Immediate gratification Vs Deferred gratification- Want reward as soon as possible ,leave school and go straight into work to make money (working class). Present- time orientation- Seeing the present as more important (working class). Seeing planning for the future, more important (middle class). Cultural deprivation recognises the importance of social (not biological causes of class inequalities in educational attainment. Research has been conducted which supports these theories. However, it blames the individual for their failure, it ignores the influence of school and peer pressure by only focussing on the home. The theory is deterministic- it assumes that all working class will fail. It is very stereotypical and involves a judgement that the culture of one class is better than another. However, the cultural deprivation theory has been influential and did at one time influence the government to improve parenting skills by running a programme in the U. S called OPERATION HEAD START. This organisation helped working class families by health visitors and educational psychologists visiting their homes, and learning programmes for deprived children. In the U. K (2000) SURE START was launched. Sure start is a major element in the British governments policy to tackle poverty and social exclusion. The second factor related to home background is MATERIAL DEPRIVATION. According to the ‘Halifax building society’ (2006). A private education for a child between the ages of three to 18, will cost ? 26,000. This shows that middle-class parents take great care and money into providing a better education for their child. Some sociologists see material deprivation as the main cause of underachievement. This argument states that working class children are disadvantaged because they are more likely to lack material factors that are necessary to create a good educational environment. For example, good housing, clothes, healthy food, space to study, lack of educational books and educational equipment. Facts show that exclusion and truancy are more likely for children from poorer families. Nearly 90% of ‘failing’ schools are located in deprived areas. Jesson Gray’s 1991 Nottinghamshire study revealed that half of the pupils receiving free school meals had low GCSE scores as opposed to one sixth of pupils. This fact proves that material deprivation is a massive reason for pupils under achieving in education. Children that do not have the books and writing equipment are less likely to succeed because they are getting further and further behind. There are many factors that impact on the educational attainment of working class children. Pupils may not have the time to do school work at home, due to maybe a sick parent or a busy household. Working class families are less likely to own their own home, rented accommodation is less stable as they could be asked to leave. This means the child will fall behind, get in trouble with the teachers’ , creating a reputation for themselves. Pupils may not have the space at home to do homework, due to bigger working class families, smaller houses. The parents of working class pupils may not be able to raise money for educational trips, resulting in lack of understanding of a subject, looked lower by peers at school. They may not have access to educational materials like computers and software. There are so many important facts that as a sociologist you have to remember and take into consideration. However, both middle class and working class are affected by economic down turn recently (the recession). Family break- down in both classes can affect the child’s upbringing or emotional well being, regardless of class. To conclude How to cite Assess the Claim That Class Differences in Educational, Essay examples

Microscale Crystallization-Craig Tube free essay sample

We then took the crystals out to try on a pre weigh watch glass (52. 994g) to dry. After drying the watch glass with crystal was weigh 52. 1602g. It was found that the pure sulfanilamide recovery was . 0608 with a percent recovery of . 3944. Using the melting machine it was found that impure sulfanilamide had a melting point of 172 C and pure sulfanilamide had a melting point of 165. 1 C. When comparing the boiling point of sulfanilamide to the actual boiling point (165-166 C) the experiment was right on. Comparing the boiling point of impure and pure sulfanilamide the impure had more substances in it so the boiling point was higher than the pure. Actual Melting Point165-166C Questions Page 32 1. The crystallization for this experiment may have failed due to many factors such as having very little mother liquor present or the crystals were just impure, in this case, you might have to redo the experiment. We will write a custom essay sample on Microscale Crystallization-Craig Tube or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Another reason may be that the cooling process occurred too rapidly. What I would do at this point is try to induce crystallization by swirling the liquid so it touches the side of what you are using. What this does is pushes what may have evaporated and dried onto the side of your flask back into the solution. These small amounts would provide â€Å"seed crystals† which could induce crystallization. Another method would be to add a small amount of your original material into your cooled solution, which may also start crystallization- this method, is called seeding.